Can't play most media files on brand new Windows 10

I built a new PC, installed 64-bit Windows 10 Pro, applied updates, and copied a bunch of my media from my old 64-bit Windows 7 PC. Most of the media does not play on the new machine.

      Groove   M&TV   Photos   WMP   
AVI    N/A      OK      OK      OK
MID    N/A      N/A     N/A     OK
MP3    OK       N/A     N/A    FAIL
MP4    N/A      FAIL    HANG   FAIL
MTS    N/A      FAIL   STILL   FAIL
WAV    OK       N/A     N/A     OK
WMV    N/A      FAIL   CRASH   FAIL

The Movies & TV failure message is:

Can't play

Choose something else to play. This item is in a format we don't support.

0xc00d36b4

The Windows Media Player failure message is:

Windows Media Player cannot play the file. The Player might not support the file type or might not support the codec that was used to compress the file.

In the video cases, the first couple frames of the video appears before the failure message in WMP or M&TV.

Photos is weird in that it fails in different ways for different media types. If I load an MP4 into Photos, it plays a couple frames then a spinner appears and starts running, apparently forever. With MTS, Photos plays the first couple frames and then refuses to play the rest, though the application remains responsive. With WMV, Photos plays the first couple frames and then vanishes without a trace.

Windows Media Player (Help > About > Technical Support Info) shows that it has the necessary codecs (or, at least, decoders) available for most of these media types. Including:

• WMAudio Decoder DMO, formats 0160, 0161, 0162, 0163, binary WMADMOD.DLL version 10.0.18362.145
• WMAPro over S/PDIF DMO, format 0162, binary WMADMOD.DLL version 10.0.18362.145
• MP3 Decoder DMO, format 0055, binary mp3dmod.dll version 10.0.18362.1
• Mpeg4s Decoder DMO, formats mp4s, MP4S, m4s2, M4S2, MP4V, mp4v, XVID, xvid, DIVX, DX50, binary mp4sdecd.dll version 10.0.18362.1
• WMV Screen decoder DMO, formats MSS1, MSS2, binary wmvsdecd.dll version 10.0.18362.1
• WMVideo Decoder DMO, formats WMV1, WMV2, WMV3, WMVA, WVC1, WMVP, WVP2, VC1S, binary wmvdecod.dll version 10.0.18362.1
• Mpeg43 Decoder DMO, formats mp43, MP43, binary mp43decd.dll version 10.0.18362.1
• Mpeg4 Decoder DMO, formats MPG4, mpg4, mp42, MP42, binary mpg4decd.dll version 10.0.18362.1

(By the way, the list of codecs is virtually identical to my Windows 7 PC, which plays all of these files just fine, using the same version of WMP.)

This is consistent with Microsoft documentation, which says,

By default, the Windows operating system and the Player include a number of the most popular codecs, such as Windows Media Audio, Windows Media Video, and MP3.

I would believe the suggestion that I need a codec pack if the problem didn't include MP3, MP4, and WMV files.

I've found somewhat similar reports on the web, but none of them exactly match these symptoms, and many of them seem to be related to upgrading an older version of Windows to Windows 10 (or upgrading WMP to 11 or 12).

Things I've tried:

• checking for and applying Windows updates
• running the WMP troubleshooter
• re-registering wmp.dll
• checking the installed codecs in the WMP support page
• playing media files from different sources
• uninstalling and re-installing WMP

I'm surprised the media experience can be this broken right out of the box. I'd be less surprised if this were an update from an older version of Windows and/or WMP.

Update 2019-12-16: I'm still investigating, but it seems there is no problem with the stock Windows codecs. I wrote a program that uses MFCreateSourceReaderFromURL, and it has no problem finding the MP3 decoder and reading all the samples. Using SysInternals ProcessMonitor, it seems the problem occurs in trying to set up the speakers as a media sink. Interestingly, 32-bit programs that rely on PlaySound to play vanilla PCM Wave files are silent while their 64-bit counterparts work just fine. This all points to a configuration or driver problem for the motherboard's audio, which seems far more plausible than an issue accessing the stock decoders.

This is happening due to missing codecs on your newly-installed Windows system and is perfectly normal. Windows doesn't include many of the media codecs that are required to play common media file types.

I produce media, and I'd like to be able to check that it works in the stock players so that my clients don't have to install other applications.

This is understandable. VLC is a popular choice because it includes all of the common media codecs that you might need; however, if you want to solve this problem without installing an additional media player like VLC, I recommend installing K-Lite Codec Pack Basic.

I switched from using this codec pack to VLC due to VLC's excellent handling of subtitles in MKV files but, if it weren't for that, I would still be using Windows Media Player + the K-Lite Codec Pack.

The basic variant contains everything you need to play all the common video file formats. Such as AVI, MKV, MP4, OGM, and FLV. This pack is for those who like a small no-nonsense pack. It is small, but powerful.

This will solve your problem instantly and is a good choice for minimalists who want only the codecs without additional software.