Error message while installing Windows 10 - ASUS X540SA

I have been trying to solve a problem for about a week on my ASUS X540SA which originally had Windows 10 installed. I installed Kali Linux, but then wanted to install Windows 7 as detailed in my other question.

Afterwards I tried to install Windows 10 because many users wrote that it is not possible to install Windows 7.

After I popped in the usb drive and booted from it, this popped up:

Recovery

Your PC needs to be repaired

The operating system couldn't be loaded because the system registry file is missing or contains errors.

File: \windows\system32\config\system Error Code: 0xc000000d

You'll need to use the recovery tools on your installation media. If you don't have any installation media (like a disc or USB device), contact your system administrator or PC manufacturer.

At the bottom of the last error message it also said:

Press Enter to try again; Press F8 for Startup Settings. After pressing these buttons the screen just refreshed and showed the same message again

This message popped up directly after the Windows logo appeared. It did not appear after the language selection menu of the Windows setup.