How to solve "windows resource protection could not run" when using sfc /scannow

When using sfc /scannow on my Windows 10 Pro 64bit system I am geting error "windows resource protection could not run the requested operation"

This is from the CBS log:

2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS TiWorker: Client requests SFP repair object. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info
CSI 00000002@2017/2/1:09:29:29.390 WcpInitialize (wcp.dll version 0.0.0.6) called (stack @0x7ffc037d8889 @0x7ffc24f14fe5 @0x7ffc24f15132 @0x7ff7fc7e244d @0x7ff7fc7e3c97 @0x7ffc2f22b0b3) 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Failed to load the COMPONENTS hive from 'C:\WINDOWS\System32\config\COMPONENTS' into registry key 'HKLM\COMPONENTS'. [HRESULT = 0x80070005 - E_ACCESSDENIED] 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Failed to load component store [HRESULT = 0x80070005 - E_ACCESSDENIED] 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info
CSI 00000003 GetSystemStore called without loading components hive 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Error CSI
00000004@2017/2/1:09:29:29.492 (F) base\wcp\componentstore\com\store.cpp(5791): Error HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) originated in function CreateOrGetIStore expression: (null) [gle=0x80004005] 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info
CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20170122132059.cab to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20170121231147.cab to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20170121205257.cab to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20170118072131.cab to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Added C:\WINDOWS\Logs\CBS\CbsPersist_20161223125107.cab to WER report. 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Could not get active session for current session file logging [HRESULT = 0x80004003 - E_POINTER] 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND] 2017-02-01 10:29:29, Info CBS
Not able to add pending.xml.bad to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]

It should be said I am trying to solve this because I also have troubles installing e.g. Visual Studio redistributables - I was then recommended trying to see system otherwise checked out allright....