How to solve "Update for Windows 10 Version 1511 (KB3122947) - Error 0x80070643"

Since several days my Windows 10 won't install the update named KB3122947 or any other newer updates. I always get the error 0x80070643. What can I do to solve this issue?

The fix was to manually force the system to install the update.

Howto

1. Verify that Windows Update has downloaded - but not installed - the update. These are two different things. In your File Explorer, enable Hidden items under View and go to

   C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download\b0a5da1b24245bc4237166e09bae92da\
   

   Check if either windows10.0-kb3122947-x86.cab or windows10.0-kb3122947-x64.cab are present (Depending on which Windows type your have)

2. Right-click on your Start button and choose Command Prompt (Admin). Paste and execute the following command corresponding to your Windows type

   _{Windows x86 (32-bit)}

   dism /online /add-package /packagepath:C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download\b0a5da1b24245bc4237166e09bae92da\windows10.0-kb3122947-x86.cab

   _{Windows x64 (64-bit)}

   dism /online /add-package /packagepath:C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download\c4a1b8896ce9fbfea96c1ee6890d52a5\windows10.0-kb3122947-x64.cab

3. If you see the message The operation completed successfully. restart your system and you're done.

   

Source