in arm7tdmi, when FIQ and RIQ occures at same time so how both are executed sequentially,first FIQ and thenIRQ?

-1

in arm7tdmi, suppose instruction is being executed and at same time FIQ and IRQ both occur at same time.now according to priority FIQ will be handled then IRQ but my question is that how it will handled IRQ after return from FIQ i means what will be process done at return of FIQ and how control will be transferred to IRQ handler after return statement of FIQ handler ?

example : address => instruction

  0x00000100              :      MOV R0,R1
  0x00000104              :      MOV R0,R1
 =>> 0x00000108              :      MOV R0,R1   
  0x00000110              :      MOV R0,R1
  0x00000114              :      MOV R0,R1
  0x00000118              :      MOV R0,R1

;suppose at 0x00000108 is instructionbeing executed and FIQ and IRQ are raised at time

exception
arm
irq
arm7
fiq
asked on Stack Overflow Sep 25, 2016 by Neil Terminator

1 Answer

1

Unlike the M-profile architectures, with their very different exception model which does permit tail-chaining exceptions, the classic/A-profile architectures do things in a completely straightforward manner.

Interrupts are checked for at instruction boundaries, when the respective CPSR.F/CPSR.I bits is clear. Thus, assuming the FIQ handler is straightforward, once the instruction at 0x108 completes, the FIQ is taken (as it has priority over the IRQ) from whatever mode the CPU was in, the FIQ handler runs with FIQs and IRQs masked, then performs an exception return to 0x110. The fact that there happened to be an IRQ pending throughout makes no difference whatsoever.

The point of note is the boundary between the return instruction at the end of the FIQ handler and the one being returned to. The FIQ return will restore the previous SPSR, which (presumably) has IRQs unmasked. Thus, after executing that return instruction but before executing the one at 0x110, the CPU is back in the initial mode, with IRQs unmasked, and an IRQ pending. So it takes it; the IRQ handler runs with IRQs masked, then performs an exception return to 0x110, whereupon execution eventually continues having served both interrupts.

For ARM7TDMI, that's really all there is to it. In newer architecture versions (ARMv7 onwards), there are some rules tightening up precisely when asynchronous exceptions are expected to be taken, since once CPU designs start becoming superscalar and/or out-of-order the notion of "instruction boundary" gets a bit blurry. This particular situation, though, would be no different on modern CPUs, as the exception return from FIQ constitutes a context-synchronising event after which any pending asynchronous exception (i.e. the IRQ) must be immediately taken.

answered on Stack Overflow Sep 26, 2016 by Notlikethat

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