Hi ordered a server from Hetzner and added a 500GB SSD to the server. Ran the installerimage and Im not sure Software Raid is working on all three Hard Drives of mine. How can I add Soft Raid to the newly added SSD as well?
I don't mind reinstalling the server.
Hard Disks I have 2 x 1TB SATA 1 x 500GB SSD
Here are my configs
df -h Output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md2 906G 886M 859G 1% /
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/md1 496M 35M 436M 8% /boot
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]#
fdisk -l output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xca606b93
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 2089 16777216 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2 2089 2155 524288 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb3 2155 62261 482804056 fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/sdc: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8b577ece
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 2089 16777216 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdc2 2089 2155 524288 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdc3 2155 62261 482804056 fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x595cad86
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 2089 16777216 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 2089 2155 524288 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 2155 62261 482804056 fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/md1: 536 MB, 536805376 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 131056 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/md0: 17.2 GB, 17179738112 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 4194272 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/md2: 988.8 GB, 988782002176 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 241401856 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
cat /proc/mdstat Output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md2 : active raid5 sda3[0] sdb3[1] sdc3[3]
965607424 blocks super 1.0 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
bitmap: 0/4 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1] sdc1[2]
16777088 blocks super 1.0 [3/3] [UUU]
md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1] sdc2[2]
524224 blocks [3/3] [UUU]
unused devices: <none>
mdadm -D /dev/md0 Output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.0
Creation Time : Sat Oct 6 04:49:31 2018
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 16777088 (16.00 GiB 17.18 GB)
Used Dev Size : 16777088 (16.00 GiB 17.18 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Oct 6 06:02:45 2018
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:0
UUID : b4cf051f:22b30734:e45d5bca:cfff80e8
Events : 21
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1
mdadm -D /dev/md1 Output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Sat Oct 6 04:49:31 2018
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 524224 (511.94 MiB 536.81 MB)
Used Dev Size : 524224 (511.94 MiB 536.81 MB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Preferred Minor : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Oct 6 04:53:41 2018
State : active
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
UUID : f1fd684a:98b3c1eb:776c2c25:004bd7b2
Events : 0.23
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
2 8 34 2 active sync /dev/sdc2
mdadm -D /dev/md2 Output
[root@CentOS-610-64-minimal ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md2
/dev/md2:
Version : 1.0
Creation Time : Sat Oct 6 04:49:37 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 965607424 (920.88 GiB 988.78 GB)
Used Dev Size : 482803712 (460.44 GiB 494.39 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Sat Oct 6 11:02:41 2018
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Name : rescue:2
UUID : 6ebb511f:a7000ca5:c98b1501:4d2b3707
Events : 1330
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3
3 8 35 2 active sync /dev/sdc3
Hetzner InstallerImage File
DRIVE1 /dev/sda
DRIVE2 /dev/sdb
DRIVE3 /dev/sdc
SWRAID 1
SWRAIDLEVEL 5
PART swap swap 16G
PART /boot ext3 512M
PART / ext4 all
Your output shows that you have 2*2TB disks and that you have one RAID5 and two RAID1.
md2 : active raid5
md0 : active raid1
md1 : active raid1
As was mentioned in the comments, one SSD in a RAID5 together with two conventional disks doesn't make much sense.
I recommend a RAID1 with the SSD and the spinning disks set to write-mostly.
You create a RAID1 with the SSD and 500MB of the two other disks with the options --bitmap=internal /dev/ssd --write-mostly --write-behind /dev/disk1 /dev/disk2
. See man mdadm
for details.
This will write everything to the SSD and eventually to the spinning disks. Reads will be from the fast SSD, unless the SSD fails, only then would data be read from the other disks. You get fast read and write from the SSD together with the mirror on the other disks in case the SSD fails.
The other 1,5GB on the spinning disks can be combined into another RAID1 for data that doesn't need fast access and doesn't fit to the 0,5GB SSD RAID.
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